A gauge theory of massive spin one particles

TL;DR

This paper constructs a gauge-invariant Abelian theory for massive spin one bosons by adding a mass term to Maxwell's action, ensuring Lorentz invariance, locality, causality, and unitarity.

Contribution

It introduces a novel gauge-invariant formulation for massive spin one particles by extending Maxwell's theory with a mass term, and demonstrates its consistent quantization.

Findings

The theory maintains Lorentz invariance in both gauges.

The theory is local and causal.

Unitarity is preserved in the quantized theory.

Abstract

An Abelian gauge theory describing dynamics of massive spin one bosons is constructed. This is achieved by appending to the Maxwell action, a gauge invariant mass term. The theory is quantised in temporal as well as Lorentz gauge, and the corresponding Hilbert spaces are constructed. In both the gauges, it is found that, the theory respects Lorentz invariance, locality, causality and unitarity.