Single-photon orbital angular momentum qudit states in fiber - Limits to Dephasing correction via dynamical decoupling

TL;DR

This paper models decoherence in orbital angular momentum photon states in fibers, revealing exponential scaling with mode order and demonstrating that dynamical decoupling can mitigate decoherence for lower mode orders, enabling high-bandwidth quantum communication.

Contribution

It provides an analytical decoherence model for OAM photon states in fibers and shows how dynamical decoupling can reduce decoherence at lower mode orders.

Findings

Decoherence rate scales exponentially with azimuthal mode order l.

Complete dephasing occurs at large l values.

Dynamical decoupling reduces decoherence for lower l values.

Abstract

We analytically derive a decoherence model for orbital angular momentum states of a photon in a multimode optical fiber and show that rate of decoherence scales exponentially with $l^2$, where $l$ is the azimuthal mode order.~We also show numerically that for large values of $l$ the orbital angular momentum photon state completely dephases.~However for lower values of $l$ the decoherence can be minimized by using dynamical decoupling to allow for qudit high-bandwidth quantum communication and similar applications. \end{abstract}