A model with two periods of inflation

TL;DR

This paper explores a cosmological model with two inflationary periods, analyzing scalar and tensor perturbations, and discusses how certain parameter choices affect observable signatures in the cosmic microwave background.

Contribution

It introduces a two-inflation scenario based on symmetry-motivated potentials and examines the resulting perturbation spectra and reheating process, highlighting observational constraints.

Findings

Perturbations at the transition between two inflations deviate from standard CMB expectations.

Parameters with efficient second inflation are consistent with observational constraints.

A small shift in the spectrum caused by the second inflation is necessary for viability.

Abstract

A scenario with two subsequent periods of inflationary expansion in the very early universe is examined. The model is based on a potential motivated by symmetries being found in field theory at high energy. For various parameter sets of the potential the spectra of scalar and tensor perturbations that are expected to originate from this scenario are calculated. Also the beginning of the reheating epoch connecting the second inflation with thermal equilibrium is studied. Perturbations with wavelengths leaving the horizon around the transition between the two inflations are special: It is demonstrated that the power spectrum at such scales deviates significantly from expectations based on measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). This supports the conclusion that parameters for which this part of the spectrum leaves observable traces in the CMB must be excluded. Parameters entailing a very efficient second inflation correspond to standard small-field inflation and can meet observational constraints. Particular attention is paid to the case where the second inflation leads solely to a shift of the observable spectrum from the first inflation. A viable scenario requires this shift to be small.