Massive Yang-Mills for Vector and Axial-Vector Spectral Functions at Finite Temperature

TL;DR

This paper uses Massive Yang-Mills theory to analyze how vector and axial-vector spectral functions change at finite temperature, revealing spectral broadening, mass shifts, and chiral symmetry restoration signals in a pion gas.

Contribution

It extends the Massive Yang-Mills model to finite temperatures, providing new insights into spectral function modifications and chiral symmetry restoration mechanisms.

Findings

Spectral peaks broaden with temperature.

a_1 spectral peak shifts downward in mass.

Rho peak remains nearly unchanged.

Abstract

The hadronic mechanism which leads to chiral symmetry restoration is explored in the context of the rho-pi-a_1 system using Massive Yang-Mills, a hadronic effective theory which governs their microscopic interactions. In this approach, vector and axial-vector mesons are implemented as gauge bosons of a local chiral gauge group. We have previously shown that this model can describe the experimentally measured vector and axial-vector spectral functions in vacuum. Here, we carry the analysis to finite temperatures by evaluating medium effects in a pion gas and calculating thermal spectral functions. We find that the spectral peaks in both channels broaden along with a noticeable downward mass shift in the a_1 spectral peak and negligible movement of the rho peak. The approach toward spectral function degeneracy is accompanied by a reduction of chiral order parameters, i.e., the pion decay constant and scalar condensate. Our findings suggest a mechanism where the chiral mass splitting induced in vacuum is burned off. We explore this mechanism and identify future investigations which can further test it.