Supporting Regularized Logistic Regression Privately and Efficiently

TL;DR

This paper presents a practical, privacy-preserving method for regularized logistic regression suitable for multi-institutional collaborative studies, ensuring data security while maintaining efficiency and scalability.

Contribution

It introduces a novel, computationally efficient approach leveraging distributed computing and cryptography to protect individual and summary data in logistic regression.

Findings

Validated privacy guarantees through extensive empirical evaluation

Demonstrated efficiency and scalability in large-scale studies

Applicable across disciplines like genetics, biomedical research, and network analysis

Abstract

As one of the most popular statistical and machine learning models, logistic regression with regularization has found wide adoption in biomedicine, social sciences, information technology, and so on. These domains often involve data of human subjects that are contingent upon strict privacy regulations. Increasing concerns over data privacy make it more and more difficult to coordinate and conduct large-scale collaborative studies, which typically rely on cross-institution data sharing and joint analysis. Our work here focuses on safeguarding regularized logistic regression, a widely-used machine learning model in various disciplines while at the same time has not been investigated from a data security and privacy perspective. We consider a common use scenario of multi-institution collaborative studies, such as in the form of research consortia or networks as widely seen in genetics, epidemiology, social sciences, etc. To make our privacy-enhancing solution practical, we demonstrate a non-conventional and computationally efficient method leveraging distributing computing and strong cryptography to provide comprehensive protection over individual-level and summary data. Extensive empirical evaluation on several studies validated the privacy guarantees, efficiency and scalability of our proposal. We also discuss the practical implications of our solution for large-scale studies and applications from various disciplines, including genetic and biomedical studies, smart grid, network analysis, etc.