Backward Bifurcation and Control in Transmission Dynamics of Arboviral Diseases

TL;DR

This study develops and analyzes a compartmental model for arboviral disease transmission, revealing conditions for backward bifurcation and demonstrating how combined control strategies can effectively reduce disease spread.

Contribution

The paper introduces a comprehensive model incorporating imperfect vaccination, individual protection, and vector control, and analyzes the conditions leading to backward bifurcation in disease dynamics.

Findings

Backward bifurcation can occur under certain conditions.

Combined control strategies significantly reduce disease spread.

Global stability of disease-free equilibrium established under specific conditions.

Abstract

In this paper, we derive and analyze a compartmental model for the control of arboviral diseases which takes into account an imperfect vaccine combined with individual protection and some vector control strategies already studied in the literature. After the formulation of the model, a qualitative study based on stability analysis and bifurcation theory reveals that the phenomenon of backward bifurcation may occur. The stable disease-free equilibrium of the model coexists with a stable endemic equilibrium when the reproduction number, R 0 , is less than unity. Using Lyapunov function theory, we prove that the trivial equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable; When the disease-- induced death is not considered, or/and, when the standard incidence is replaced by the mass action incidence, the backward bifurcation does not occur. Under a certain condition , we establish the global asymptotic stability of the disease--free equilibrium of the full model. Through sensitivity analysis, we determine the relative importance of model parameters for disease transmission. Numerical simulations show that the combination of several control mechanisms would significantly reduce the spread of the disease, if we maintain the level of each control high, and this, over a long period.