Infall, outflow, and turbulence in massive star-forming cores in the G333 giant molecular cloud

TL;DR

This study investigates the infall, outflow, and turbulence in massive star-forming cores within the G333 giant molecular cloud, providing detailed molecular line observations and physical property analysis of associated outflows.

Contribution

It offers new detailed measurements of outflow properties and turbulence in high-mass star-forming regions within G333, enhancing understanding of massive star formation processes.

Findings

Outflow masses range from 10 to 40 solar masses per lobe.

Core masses are approximately 10^3 solar masses.

Outflow timescales are several tens of thousands of years.

Abstract

We present molecular line imaging observations of three massive molecular outflow sources, G333.6-0.2, G333.1-0.4, and G332.8-0.5, all of which also show evidence for infall, within the G333 giant molecular cloud (GMC). All three are within a beam size (36 arcseconds) of IRAS sources, 1.2-mm dust clumps, various masing species and radio continuum-detected HII regions and hence are associated with high-mass star formation. We present the molecular line data and derive the physical properties of the outflows including the mass, kinematics, and energetics and discuss the inferred characteristics of their driving sources. Outflow masses are of 10 to 40 solar masses in each lobe, with core masses of order 10^3 solar masses. outflow size scales are a few tenth of a parsec, timescales are of several x10^4 years, mass loss rates a few x10^-4 solar masses/year. We also find the cores are turbulent and highly supersonic.