Spectral statistics of chaotic many-body systems

TL;DR

This paper derives a trace formula linking the spectral density of chaotic many-body systems to solutions of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation, demonstrating universality of spectral statistics aligning with random matrix theory under certain conditions.

Contribution

It introduces a trace formula for bosonic many-body systems and analyzes spectral statistics, showing conditions for Wigner-Dyson universality in chaotic regimes.

Findings

Spectral statistics become universal and match random matrix predictions.

A trace formula relates level density to solutions of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation.

Universality depends on the spectral gap of the Frobenius-Perron operator.

Abstract

We derive a trace formula that expresses the level density of chaotic many-body systems as a smooth term plus a sum over contributions associated to solutions of the nonlinear Schr\"odinger (or Gross-Pitaevski) equation. Our formula applies to bosonic systems with discretised positions, such as the Bose-Hubbard model, in the semiclassical limit as well as in the limit where the number of particles is taken to infinity. We use the trace formula to investigate the spectral statistics of these systems, by studying interference between solutions of the nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation. We show that in the limits taken the statistics of fully chaotic many-particle systems becomes universal and agrees with predictions from the Wigner-Dyson ensembles of random matrix theory. The conditions for Wigner-Dyson statistics involve a gap in the spectrum of the Frobenius-Perron operator, leaving the possibility of different statistics for systems with weaker chaotic properties.