Disappearing Inflaton Potential via Heavy Field Dynamics

TL;DR

This paper explores how heavy field dynamics can drastically alter the inflaton potential after inflation, leading to potential implications for cosmology, dark matter, and particle physics, with concrete models illustrating these effects.

Contribution

It introduces a novel mechanism where heavy fields modify the inflaton potential post-inflation, affecting cosmological evolution and particle physics models.

Findings

Inflaton potential can vanish or become nearly massless after inflation.

Heavy field dynamics can stabilize the inflaton as dark matter.

Transition of the inflaton potential impacts primordial perturbations and relics.

Abstract

We propose a possibility that the inflaton potential is significantly modified after inflation due to heavy field dynamics. During inflation there may be a heavy scalar field stabilized at a value deviated from the low-energy minimum. As the heavy field moves to the low-energy minimum, the inflaton potential could be significantly modified. In extreme cases, the inflaton potential vanishes and the inflaton becomes almost massless at some time after inflation. Such transition of the inflaton potential has interesting implications for primordial density perturbations, reheating, creation of unwanted relics, dark radiation, and experimental search for light degrees of freedom. To be concrete, we consider a chaotic inflation in supergravity where the inflaton mass parameter is promoted to a modulus field, finding that the inflaton becomes stable after the transition and contributes to dark matter. Another example is the new inflation by the MSSM Higgs field which acquires a large expectation value just after inflation, but it returns to the origin after the transition and settles down at the electroweak vacuum. Interestingly, the smallness of the electroweak scale compared to the Planck scale is directly related to the flatness of the inflaton potential.