Improvements in the contemporary photoemission spectroscopy implementation

TL;DR

This paper proposes a simplified, minimally invasive method to modify ARPES spectrometers, enabling direct comparison of old and new spectra within the same instrument.

Contribution

It introduces a practical strategy for implementing and verifying new photoelectron-detection methods in ARPES spectrometers with minimal hardware changes.

Findings

Allows simultaneous measurement of old and new ARPES spectra

Modifications do not cause irreparable damage to spectrometers

Enables direct comparison of spectra under identical conditions

Abstract

In this short communication, we revise and refine our previous articles on this topic to simplify the modifications to the angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) spectrometers required to finally implement our idea, with minimal hardware changes to the spectrometer, if any. Thus, we provide a less cumbersome, practically feasible strategy for verifying changes in the ARPES spectrum using the new photoelectron-detection method. A less cumbersome nature of it should also, in principle, allow us to be able to measure both the ARPES spectra (old as well as new) in one spectrometer for a direct and one-to-one comparison between both the spectra collected under identical (remainder of) experimental conditions. The modifications to the spectrometer are not expected to cause irreparable damage to it; on the contrary, either both could coexist in a single spectrometer, or one could easily revert to the old ARPES from the new one within it, upon choice. Thus, we hereby concretise our proposal.