Dynamics of different entanglement measures of two three-level atoms interacting nonlinearly with a single-mode field

TL;DR

This paper models two three-level atoms interacting with a single-mode field in a Kerr medium, analyzing entanglement dynamics under various nonlinear effects and showing how parameters influence entanglement and phenomena like sudden death and birth.

Contribution

It provides an analytical solution for the entanglement dynamics in a complex nonlinear atom-field system considering $f$-deformation and multi-photon processes, which is novel.

Findings

Kerr medium reduces entanglement significantly.

Entanglement can be controlled by system parameters.

Entanglement sudden death and birth occur under certain conditions.

Abstract

In this paper, we present a model which exhibits two identical $\Xi$-type three-level atoms interacting with a single-mode field with $k$-photon transition in an optical cavity enclosed by a Kerr medium. Considering full nonlinear formalism, it is assumed that the single-mode field, atom-field coupling and Kerr medium are all $f$-deformed. By using the adiabatic elimination method, it is shown that, the Hamiltonian of the considered system can be reduced to an effective Hamiltonian with two two-level atoms and $f$-deformed Stark shift. In spite of the fact that, the system seems to be complicated, under initial conditions which may be prepared for the atoms (coherent superposition of their ground and upper states) and the field (coherent state), the explicit form of the state vector of the entire system is analytically obtained. Then, the entanglement dynamics between different subsystems (i.e. "field-two atoms", "atom-(field+atom)" and "atom-atom") are evaluated through appropriate measures like von Neumann entropy, tangle and concurrence. In addition, the effects of intensity-dependent coupling, deformed Kerr medium, detuning parameter, deformed Stark shift and multi-photon process on the considered entanglement measures are numerically analyzed, in detail. It is shown that the degree of entanglement between subsystems can be controlled by selecting the evolved parameters, suitably. Briefly, the Kerr medium highly decreases the amount of different considered measures of entanglement, especially for two-photon transition. This destructive effect preserves even when all other parameters are present, too. Furthermore, we find that the so-called entanglement sudden death and birth can occur in the atom-atom entanglement.