28 GHz and 73 GHz Millimeter-Wave Indoor Propagation Measurements and Path Loss Models

TL;DR

This study provides detailed indoor millimeter-wave propagation measurements at 28 GHz and 73 GHz, developing path loss models and analyzing delay spreads in office environments for both line-of-sight and non-line-of-sight scenarios.

Contribution

It offers new empirical path loss models and delay spread statistics based on extensive measurements at two millimeter-wave frequencies in indoor settings.

Findings

LOS path loss exponents: 1.1 at 28 GHz, 1.3 at 73 GHz

NLOS path loss exponents: 2.7 at 28 GHz, 3.2 at 73 GHz

Maximum RMS delay spreads: 193 ns at 28 GHz, 288 ns at 73 GHz

Abstract

This paper presents 28 GHz and 73 GHz millimeter- wave propagation measurements performed in a typical office environment using a 400 Megachip-per-second broadband sliding correlator channel sounder and highly directional steerable 15 dBi (30 degrees beamwidth) and 20 dBi (15 degrees beamwidth) horn antennas. Power delay profiles were acquired for 48 transmitter-receiver location combinations over distances ranging from 3.9 m to 45.9 m with maximum transmit powers of 24 dBm and 12.3 dBm at 28 GHz and 73 GHz, respectively. Directional and omnidirectional path loss models and RMS delay spread statistics are presented for line-of-sight and non-line-of-sight environments for both co- and cross-polarized antenna configurations. The LOS omnidirectional path loss exponents were 1.1 and 1.3 at 28 GHz and 73 GHz, and 2.7 and 3.2 in NLOS at 28 GHz and 73 GHz, respectively, for vertically-polarized antennas. The mean directional RMS delay spreads were 18.4 ns and 13.3 ns, with maximum values of 193 ns and 288 ns at 28 GHz and 73 GHz, respectively.