Turbulence transition in the asymptotic suction boundary layer

TL;DR

This study investigates the transition to turbulence in the asymptotic suction boundary layer using direct numerical simulation, revealing edge states, bursting behavior, and bifurcations that connect to plane Couette flow.

Contribution

It identifies the invariant edge state and its bifurcations in the ASBL, bridging understanding between laminar flow, turbulence, and related flows like plane Couette flow.

Findings

Edge state is a traveling wave in small domains.

Bursting behavior involves streak structure loss and reformation.

Flow structures localize in wider domains with shifted states.

Abstract

We study the transition to turbulence in the asymptotic suction boundary layer (ASBL) by direct numerical simulation. Tracking the motion of trajectories intermediate between laminar and turbulent states we can identify the invariant object inside the laminar-turbulent boundary, the edge state. In small domains, the flow behaves like a travelling wave over short time intervals. On longer times one notes that the energy shows strong bursts at regular time intervals. During the bursts the streak structure is lost, but it reforms, translated in the spanwise direction by half the domain size. Varying the suction velocity allows to embed the flow into a family of flows that interpolate between plane Couette flow and the ASBL. Near the plane Couette limit, the edge state is a travelling wave. Increasing the suction, the travelling wave and a symmetry-related copy of it undergo a saddle-node infinite-period (SNIPER) bifurcation that leads to bursting and discrete-symmetry shifts. In wider domains, the structures localize in the spanwise direction, and the flow in the active region is similar to the one in small domains. There are still periodic bursts at which the flow structures are shifted, but the shift-distance is no longer connected to a discrete symmetry of the flow geometry. Two different states are found by edge tracking techniques, one where structures are shifted to the same side at every burst and one where they are alternatingly shifted to the left and to the right.