Fermion-parity duality and energy relaxation in interacting open systems

TL;DR

This paper uncovers a fermion-parity duality in open quantum systems that explains energy relaxation and reveals electron-electron attraction signatures through a universal decay rate.

Contribution

It introduces a general duality based on fermion-parity superselection that relates the dynamics of interacting open systems to dual models with inverted energies.

Findings

Decay of Coulomb energy shows signatures of electron-electron attraction

Energy relaxation governed by an interaction-independent rate

Duality applies broadly to open quantum systems with fermion parity

Abstract

We study the transient heat current out of a confined electron system into a weakly coupled electrode in response to a voltage switch. We show that the decay of the Coulomb interaction energy for this repulsive system exhibits signatures of electron-electron attraction, and is governed by an interaction-independent rate. This can only be understood from a general duality that relates the non-unitary evolution of a quantum system to that of a dual model with inverted energies. Deriving from the fermion-parity superselection postulate, this duality applies to a large class of open systems.