Thermo Field Dynamics of strings with definite boundary conditions

TL;DR

This paper reviews the application of Thermo Field Dynamics to bosonic strings and D-branes, focusing on thermalization, boundary states, and entropy calculations in flat space-time.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive overview of thermal bosonic strings and D-branes within the TFD framework, including entropy computations for various boundary conditions.

Findings

Thermalization of bosonic strings and D-branes demonstrated.

Construction of thermal boundary states detailed.

Entropy of thermal open strings and D-branes calculated.

Abstract

In this paper we review the construction of the thermal bosonic string and $D$-brane in the framework of the Thermo Field Dynamics (TFD). We briefly recall the well-known light-cone quantization of the bosonic string in the conformal gauge in flat space-time. Then we give a bird's eye view of the fundamental concepts of the TFD. Also, we present the thermalization of the bosonic string and the construction of the thermal D-brane boundary state. Finally, we show the calculation of the entropy of the thermal open string states with all boundary conditions and the entropy of the thermal D-brane state.