Influences of Dark Energy and dark matter on Gravitational Time Advancement

TL;DR

This paper investigates how dark energy and dark matter influence gravitational time advancement, revealing that dark energy causes only positive delays while Schwarzschild geometry can produce time advancement under certain conditions.

Contribution

It introduces an analysis of dark energy and matter effects on gravitational time advancement, highlighting the conditions under which time delays or advancements occur.

Findings

Dark energy causes only positive gravitational time delay.

Schwarzschild geometry can produce gravitational time advancement.

No time advancement occurs where dark energy's gravitational field dominates.

Abstract

The effect of dark matter/energy on gravitational time advancement (negative effective time delay) has been investigated considering few dark energy/matter models including cosmological constant. It is found that dark energy gives only (positive) gravitational time delay irrespective of the position of the observer whereas pure Schwarzschild geometry leads to gravitational time advancement when the observer is situated at relatively stronger gravitational field point in the light trajectory. Consequently, there will be no time advancement effect at all at radial distances where gravitational field due to dark energy is stronger than the gravitational field of Schwarzschild geometry.