Star-forming regions at the periphery of the supershell surrounding the Cyg OB1 association. I. The star cluster vdB 130 and its ambient gas and dust medium

TL;DR

This study investigates the young star cluster vdB 130 and its surrounding gas and dust, revealing its relation to the Cyg OB1 supershell, with evidence of star formation and shock interactions in the region.

Contribution

It provides a detailed analysis of vdB 130's stellar population, extinction law deviations, and its physical connection to the Cyg OB1 supershell using multi-wavelength observations.

Findings

vdB 130 is a young cluster aged 5-10 Myrs.

The extinction law in the region deviates from the standard, with R_V ~ 4-5.

Infrared and emission maps suggest active star formation and shock fronts.

Abstract

Stellar population and the interstellar gas-dust medium in the vicinity of the open star cluster vdB 130 are analysed using optical observations taken with the 6-m telescope of the SAO RAS and the 125-cm telescope of the SAI MSU along with the data of Spitzer and Herschel. Based on proper motions and BV and JHKs 2MASS photometric data, we select additional 36 stars as probable cluster members. Some stars in vdB 130 are classified as B stars. Our estimates of minimum colour excess, apparent distance modulus and the distance are consistent with young age (from 5 to 10 Myrs) of the cluster vdB 130. We suppose the large deviations from the conventional extinction law in the cluster direction, with $R_V$ ~ 4 - 5. The cluster vdB 130 appears to be physically related to the supershell around Cyg OB1, a cometary CO cloud, ionized gas, and regions of infrared emission. There are a few regions of bright mid-infrared emission in the vicinity of vdB 130. The largest of them is also visible on H-alpha and [SII] emission maps. We suggest that the infrared blobs that coincide in projection with the head of the molecular cloud are HII regions, excited by the cluster B-stars. Some signatures of a shock front are identified between these IR-bright regions.