Anisotropic emission of thermal dielectrons from Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=200$~GeV with EPOS3

TL;DR

This paper models anisotropic thermal dielectron emission from Au+Au collisions at RHIC energies using EPOS3, successfully reproducing invariant mass spectra and flow coefficients, and exploring their centrality dependence.

Contribution

It introduces a comprehensive 3+1D viscous hydrodynamic simulation with realistic initial conditions to study thermal dileptons, incorporating lattice QCD and vector meson emission rates, and compares results with experimental data.

Findings

Reproduces STAR invariant mass spectra across centralities.

Finds larger elliptic flow of thermal dileptons than STAR measurements.

Demonstrates centrality dependence of dilepton flow coefficients.

Abstract

Dileptons, as an electromagnetic probe, are crucial to study the properties of a Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) created in heavy ion collisions. We calculated the invariant mass spectra and the anisotropic emission of thermal dielectrons from Au+Au collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) energy $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=200$~GeV based on EPOS3. This approach provides a realistic (3+1)-dimensional event-by-event viscous hydrodynamic description of the expanding hot and dense matter with a very particular initial condition, and a large set of hadron data and direct photons (besides $v_{2}$ and $v_{3}$ !) can be successfully reproduced. Thermal dilepton emission from both the QGP phase and the hadronic gas are considered, with the emission rates based on Lattice QCD and a vector meson model, respectively. We find that the computed invariant mass spectra (thermal contribution + STAR cocktail) can reproduce the measured ones from STAR at different centralities. Different compared to other model predictions, the obtained elliptic flow of thermal dileptons is larger than the STAR measurement referring to all dileptons. We observe a clear centrality dependence of thermal dilepton not only for elliptic flow $v_{2}$ but also for higher orders. At a given centrality, $v_{n}$ of thermal dileptons decreases monotonically with $n$ for $2\leq n\leq5$.