Performance Studies of Underwater Wireless Optical Communication Systems with Spatial Diversity: MIMO Scheme
Mohammad Vahid Jamali, Jawad A. Salehi, and Farhad Akhoundi

TL;DR
This paper analytically evaluates the performance of MIMO underwater wireless optical communication systems with spatial diversity, considering turbulence, absorption, and scattering, and demonstrates significant BER improvements through diversity schemes.
Contribution
It provides exact and upper bound BER expressions for MIMO UWOC systems with spatial diversity, incorporating absorption, scattering, and shot noise effects, validated by simulations.
Findings
Spatial diversity significantly improves BER performance.
Analytical and simulation results show excellent agreement.
A 3x1 MISO system achieves 8 dB BER improvement at 10^{-9}.
Abstract
In this paper, we analytically study the performance of multiple-input multiple-output underwater wireless optical communication (MIMO UWOC) systems with on-off keying (OOK) modulation. To mitigate turbulence-induced fading, which is amongst the major degrading effects of underwater channels on the propagating optical signal, we use spatial diversity over UWOC links. Furthermore, the effects of absorption and scattering are considered in our analysis. We analytically obtain the exact and an upper bound bit error rate (BER) expressions for both optimal and equal gain combining. In order to more effectively calculate the system BER, we apply Gauss-Hermite quadrature formula as well as approximation to the sum of lognormal random variables. We also apply photon-counting method to evaluate the system BER in the presence of shot noise. Our numerical results indicate an excellent match…
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