Borobudur was Built Algorithmically

TL;DR

This paper analyzes the fractal geometry of Borobudur Temple, revealing its self-similar structure with a fractal dimension of 2.325, and explores how algorithmic processes could generate similar architectural forms.

Contribution

It introduces a computational approach to understanding Borobudur's architecture through fractal analysis and proposes how algorithmic design could replicate such structures.

Findings

Fractal dimension of Borobudur is 2.325.

Self-similarity is linked to the absence of a universal metric standard.

Potential for algorithmic generation of similar structures.

Abstract

The self-similarity of Indonesian Borobudur Temple is observed through the dimensionality of stupa that is hypothetically closely related to whole architectural body. Fractal dimension is calculated by using the cube counting method and found that the dimension is 2.325, which is laid between the two-dimensional plane and three dimensional space. The applied fractal geometry and self-similarity of the building is emerged as the building process implement the metric rules, since there is no universal metric standard known in ancient traditional Javanese culture thus the architecture is not based on final master plan. The paper also proposes how the hypothetical algorithmic architecture might be applied computationally in order to see some experimental generations of similar building. The paper ends with some conjectures for further challenge and insights related to fractal geometry in Javanese traditional cultural heritages.