Tunable nonlinear graphene metasurfaces

TL;DR

This paper presents tunable nonlinear graphene metasurfaces that leverage controllable interactions between graphene plasmons and metamaterial modes to enhance nonlinear optical responses like second-harmonic generation.

Contribution

It introduces a novel hybrid metasurface design combining graphene and metamaterials, enabling active control of Fano resonances and nonlinear effects.

Findings

Enhanced second-harmonic generation efficiency.

Strong tunability of Fano resonances via graphene plasmons.

Demonstration of controllable spectral and lifetime modifications.

Abstract

We introduce the concept of nonlinear graphene metasurfaces employing the controllable interaction between a graphene layer and a planar metamaterial. Such hybrid metasurfaces support two types of subradiant resonant modes, asymmetric modes of structured metamaterial elements ("metamolecules") and graphene plasmons exhibiting strong mutual coupling and avoided dispersion crossing. High tunability of graphene plasmons facilitates strong interaction between the subradiant modes, modifying the spectral position and lifetime of the associated Fano resonances. We demonstrate that strong resonant interaction, combined with the subwavelength localization of plasmons, leads to the enhanced nonlinear response and high efficiency of the second-harmonic generation.