The 8-vertex model with quasi-periodic boundary conditions

TL;DR

This paper analyzes the spectrum and eigenstates of the inhomogeneous 8-vertex model with various quasi-periodic boundary conditions, relating it to the dynamical 6-vertex model and extending Bethe ansatz techniques.

Contribution

It establishes a complete spectral characterization of the 8-vertex model with quasi-periodic boundaries via vertex-IRF transformations and Bethe-type equations.

Findings

Transfer matrix spectrum is simple for twisted cases.

Spectrum degeneracy occurs for periodic case with odd sites.

Eigenstates can be constructed using Bethe ansatz methods.

Abstract

We study the inhomogeneous 8-vertex model (or equivalently the XYZ Heisenberg spin-1/2 chain) with all kinds of integrable quasi-periodic boundary conditions: periodic, $\sigma^x$-twisted, $\sigma^y$-twisted or $\sigma^z$-twisted. We show that in all these cases but the periodic one with an even number of sites $\mathsf{N}$, the transfer matrix of the model is related, by the vertex-IRF transformation, to the transfer matrix of the dynamical 6-vertex model with antiperiodic boundary conditions, which we have recently solved by means of Sklyanin's Separation of Variables (SOV) approach. We show moreover that, in all the twisted cases, the vertex-IRF transformation is bijective. This allows us to completely characterize, from our previous results on the antiperiodic dynamical 6-vertex model, the twisted 8-vertex transfer matrix spectrum (proving that it is simple) and eigenstates. We also consider the periodic case for $\mathsf{N}$ odd. In this case we can define two independent vertex-IRF transformations, both not bijective, and by using them we show that the 8-vertex transfer matrix spectrum is doubly degenerate, and that it can, as well as the corresponding eigenstates, also be completely characterized in terms of the spectrum and eigenstates of the dynamical 6-vertex antiperiodic transfer matrix. In all these cases we can adapt to the 8-vertex case the reformulations of the dynamical 6-vertex transfer matrix spectrum and eigenstates that had been obtained by $T$-$Q$ functional equations, where the $Q$-functions are elliptic polynomials with twist-dependent quasi-periods. Such reformulations enables one to characterize the 8-vertex transfer matrix spectrum by the solutions of some Bethe-type equations, and to rewrite the corresponding eigenstates as the multiple action of some operators on a pseudo-vacuum state, in a similar way as in the algebraic Bethe ansatz framework.