Neutral Impurities in a Bose-Einstein Condensate for Simulation of the Fr\"ohlich-Polaron

TL;DR

This paper introduces an experimental setup for studying Bose polarons by immersing neutral Cs impurities into a Rb BEC, enabling precise control and measurement of impurity-BEC interactions.

Contribution

It demonstrates a controllable system for simulating Fröhlich-Polaron physics with neutral atoms, including methods for independent manipulation and measurement.

Findings

Feasibility of measuring polaron binding energy in low and intermediate coupling regimes

Independent control over impurity and BEC positions

Potential for precision studies of Bose polarons

Abstract

We present an experimental system to study the Bose polaron by immersion of single, well-controllable neutral Cs impurities into a Rb Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC). We show that, by proper optical traps, independent control over impurity and BEC allows for precision relative positioning of the two sub-systems as well as for independent read-out. We furthermore estimate that measuring the polaron binding energy of Fr\"ohlich-type Bose polarons in the low and intermediate coupling regime is feasible with our experimental constraints and limitations discussed.