Factorization for radiative heavy quarkonium decays into scalar Glueball

TL;DR

This paper establishes a theoretical framework for scalar Glueball production in radiative heavy quarkonium decays, enabling better understanding of Glueball properties and their mixing with scalar mesons.

Contribution

It develops the first explicit one-loop level factorization formula for Glueball production in heavy quarkonium radiative decays, incorporating NLO corrections and scale evolution.

Findings

Derived the factorization formula at one-loop level.

Extracted the scalar Glueball decay constant from Lattice QCD.

Analyzed mixing effects among scalar mesons.

Abstract

We establish the factorization formula for scalar Glueball production through radiative decays of vector states of heavy quarkonia, e.g. $J/\psi$, $\psi(2S)$ and $\Upsilon(nS)$, where the Glueball mass is much less than the parent heavy quarkonium mass. The factorization is demonstrated explicitly at one-loop level through the next-to-leading order (NLO) corrections to the hard kernel, the non-relativistic QCD (NRQCD) long-distance matrix element (LDMEs) of the heavy quarkonium, and the light-cone distribution amplitude (LCDA) of scalar Glueball. The factorization provides a comprehensive theoretical approach to investigate Glueball production in the radiative decays of vector states of heavy quarkonia and to determine the physic nature of Glueball. We discuss the scale evolution equation of LCDA for scalar Glueball. In the end, we extract the value of the decay constant of Scalar Glueball from Lattice QCD calculation and analyze the mixing effect among $f_0(1370)$, $f_0(1500)$ and $f_0(1710)$.