The magnetic field topology and chemical abundance distributions of the Ap star HD 32633

TL;DR

This study maps the complex magnetic field and chemical abundance distributions of the Ap star HD 32633, revealing a non-dipolar magnetic topology with significant higher-order components and comparing it with other early-type stars.

Contribution

It provides detailed magnetic and chemical maps of HD 32633 using full Stokes vector spectropolarimetry and magnetic Doppler imaging, highlighting the star's complex magnetic topology.

Findings

HD 32633 has a strong, complex magnetic field with two large opposite polarity regions.

The magnetic field is mainly in low-order poloidal modes with a small toroidal component.

No clear correlation between chemical abundance features and magnetic field structure was found.

Abstract

Previous observations of the Ap star HD 32633 indicated that its magnetic field was unusually complex in nature and could not be characterised by a simple dipolar structure. Here we derive magnetic field maps and chemical abundance distributions for this star using full Stokes vector (Stokes $IQUV$) high-resolution observations obtained with the ESPaDOnS and Narval spectropolarimeters. Our maps, produced using the Invers10 magnetic Doppler imaging (MDI) code, show that HD 32633 has a strong magnetic field which features two large regions of opposite polarity but deviates significantly from a pure dipole field. We use a spherical harmonic expansion to characterise the magnetic field and find that the harmonic energy is predominately in the $\ell=1$ and $\ell=2$ poloidal modes with a small toroidal component. At the same time, we demonstrate that the observed Stokes parameter profiles of HD 32633 cannot be fully described by either a dipolar or dipolar plus quadrupolar field geometry. We compare the magnetic field topology of HD 32633 with other early-type stars for which MDI analyses have been performed, supporting a trend of increasing field complexity with stellar mass. We then compare the magnetic field topology of HD 32633 with derived chemical abundance maps for the elements Mg, Si, Ti, Cr, Fe, Ni and Nd. We find that the iron-peak elements show similar distributions, but we are unable to find a clear correlation between the location of local chemical enhancements or depletions and the magnetic field structure.