On the importance of direct detection combined limits for spin independent and spin dependent dark matter interactions

TL;DR

This paper emphasizes the importance of incorporating both spin independent and spin dependent dark matter detection limits in a consistent way, revealing significant impacts on the allowed parameter space of DM models.

Contribution

It introduces a comprehensive method to include all relevant factors in direct detection limits, improving the accuracy of constraints on dark matter models.

Findings

Including both SI and SD interactions alters the allowed parameter space.

Realistic neutron to proton ratios significantly impact the limits.

Using self-consistent halo models affects the bounds.

Abstract

In this work we show how the inclusion of dark matter (DM) direct detection upper bounds in a theoretically consistent manner can affect the allowed parameter space of a DM model. Traditionally, the limits from DM direct detection experiments on the elastic scattering cross section of DM particles as a function of their mass are extracted under simplifying assumptions. Relaxing the assumptions related to the DM particle nature, such as the neutron to proton ratio of the interactions, or the possibility of having similar contributions from the spin independent (SI) and spin dependent (SD) interactions can vary significantly the upper limits. Furthermore, it is known that astrophysical and nuclear uncertainties can also affect the upper bounds. To exemplify the impact of properly including all these factors, we have analysed two well motivated and popular DM scenarios: neutralinos in the NMSSM and a Z' portal with Dirac DM. We have found that the allowed parameter space of these models is subject to important variations when one includes both the SI and SD interactions at the same time, realistic neutron to proton ratios, as well as using different self-consistent speed distributions corresponding to popular DM halo density profiles, and distinct SD structure functions. Finally, we provide all the necessary information to include the upper bounds of SuperCDMS and LUX taking into account all these subtleties in the investigation of any particle physics model. The data for each experiment and example codes are available at this site http://goo.gl/1CDFYi, and their use is detailed in the appendices of this work.