Thermodynamic behavior and stability of Polytropic gas

TL;DR

This paper investigates the thermodynamic properties of Polytropic gas as a dark energy candidate, showing it can mimic dark energy behavior and describe the universe's expansion history under certain conditions.

Contribution

It introduces a thermodynamic analysis of Polytropic gas in cosmology, linking its parameters to initial conditions and exploring its potential to model universe expansion.

Findings

Polytropic gas exhibits dark energy-like behavior at large volumes and low temperatures.

It can simulate a fluid with zero pressure at small volumes and high temperatures.

The study connects Polytropic gas parameters with initial conditions for cosmological modeling.

Abstract

We focus on the thermodynamic behavior of Polytropic gas as a candidate for dark energy. We use the general arguments of thermodynamics to investigate its properties and behavior. We find that a Polytropic gas may exhibit the dark energy like behavior in the large volume and low temperature limits. It also may be used to simulate a fluid with zero pressure at the small volume and high temperature limits. Briefly, our study shows that this gas may be used to describe the universe expansion history from the matter dominated era to the current accelerating era. By applying some initial condition to the system, we can establish a relation between the Polytropic gas parameters and initial conditions. Relationships with related works has also been addressed.