Investigating the interplay between fundamentals of national research systems: performance, investments and international collaborations

TL;DR

This study analyzes how research funding and international collaboration influence national scientific success, revealing efficiency differences, positive effects of EU integration, and distinct geo-cultural clusters over the last decade.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive macro-level analysis of national research systems, highlighting the impact of investments and collaborations on scientific performance.

Findings

International collaboration growth correlates with increased scientific success.

EU integration policies bring significant benefits to research performance.

Distinct geo-cultural clusters of nations emerge from the analysis.

Abstract

We discuss, at the macro-level of nations, the contribution of research funding and rate of international collaboration to research performance, with important implications for the science of science policy. In particular, we cross-correlate suitable measures of these quantities with a scientometric-based assessment of scientific success, studying both the average performance of nations and their temporal dynamics in the space defined by these variables during the last decade. We find significant differences among nations in terms of efficiency in turning (financial) input into bibliometrically measurable output, and we confirm that growth of international collaboration positively correlate with scientific success, with significant benefits brought by EU integration policies. Various geo-cultural clusters of nations naturally emerge from our analysis. We critically discuss the possible factors that potentially determine the observed patterns.