Plaquette-triplon analysis of magnetic disorder and order in a trimerized spin-1 Kagom\'e antiferromagnet

TL;DR

This paper investigates the quantum phase diagram of a spin-1 Kagomé antiferromagnet with trimerized lattice structure, revealing stable trimerized singlet states and two distinct coplanar antiferromagnetic orders with specific magnetic arrangements.

Contribution

It introduces a plaquette-triplon approach to analyze magnetic order and disorder in a trimerized Kagomé lattice, identifying phase boundaries and magnetic configurations.

Findings

Stable trimerized singlet ground state on the J''=0 line.

Two gapless antiferromagnetic phases with distinct coplanar orders.

Quantitative measure of deviation from 120° order via Bragg peak intensities.

Abstract

A spin-1 Heisenberg model on trimerized Kagom\'e lattice is studied by doing a low-energy bosonic theory in terms of plaquette-triplons defined on its triangular unit-cells. The model has an intra-triangle antiferromagnetic exchange interaction, $J$ (set to 1), and two inter-triangle couplings, $J^\prime>0$ (nearest-neighbor) and $J^{\prime\prime}$ (next-nearest-neighbor; of both signs). The triplon analysis of this model studies the stability of the trimerized singlet (TS) ground state in the $J^\prime$-$J^{\prime\prime}$ plane. It gives a quantum phase diagram that has two gapless antiferromagnetically (AF) ordered phases separated by the spin-gapped TS phase. The TS ground state is found to be stable on $J^{\prime\prime}=0$ line (the nearest-neighbor case), and on both sides of it for $J^{\prime\prime}\neq 0$, in an extended region bounded by the critical lines of transition to the gapless AF phases. The gapless phase in the negative $J^{\prime\prime}$ region has a $\sqrt{3}\times\sqrt{3}$ coplanar $120^\circ$-AF order, with all the moments of equal length and relative angles of $120^\circ$. The other AF phase, in the positive $J^{\prime\prime}$ region, is found to exhibit a different coplanar order with ordering wave vector ${\bf q}=(0,0)$. Here, two magnetic moments in a triangle are of same magnitude, but shorter than the third. While the angle between the two short moments is $120^\circ-2\delta$, it is $120^\circ+\delta$ between a short and the long one. Only when $J^{\prime\prime}=J^\prime$, their magnitudes become equal and the relative-angles $120^\circ$. This ${\bf q}=(0,0)$ phase has the translational symmetry of the Kagom\'e lattice with isosceles triangular unit-cells. The ratio of the intensities of certain Bragg peaks, $I_{(1,0)}/I_{(0,1)} = 4\sin^2{(\frac{\pi}{6}+\delta)}$, presents an experimental measure of the deviation, $\delta$, from the $120^\circ$ order.