Universal clusters as building blocks of stable quantum matter

TL;DR

This paper explores how Efimov physics can lead to stable many-body quantum states composed of universal clusters, specifically proposing a stable trimer phase in a fermionic mixture that can be experimentally realized.

Contribution

It introduces the concept of stable many-body ground states built from Efimov-related universal clusters and identifies conditions for their realization in fermionic mixtures.

Findings

Identification of parameter regimes for stable trimer phases

Explicit calculation showing trimer-trimer interactions form an SU(3) Fermi liquid

Proposal for experimental observation in a $^6$Li-$^{53}$Cr mixture

Abstract

We present an exploratory study that suggests that Efimov physics, a leading research theme in few-body quantum physics, can also induce stable many-body ground states whose building blocks are universal clusters. We identify a range of parameters in a mass-and-density imbalanced two-species fermionic mixture for which the ground state is a gas of Efimov-related universal trimers. An explicit calculation of the trimer-trimer interaction reveals that the trimer phase is an SU$(3)$ Fermi liquid stable against recombination losses. We propose to experimentally observe this phase in a fermionic $^6$Li-$^{53}$Cr mixture.