Generation and complete nondestructive analysis of hyperentanglement assisted by nitrogen-vacancy centers in resonators

TL;DR

This paper proposes two efficient, deterministic schemes for generating and analyzing hyperentangled Bell states in two-photon systems using nitrogen-vacancy centers in resonators, advancing quantum communication capabilities.

Contribution

The paper introduces novel schemes that simplify implementation and improve fidelity for hyperentangled state generation and analysis using NV centers in cavity QED.

Findings

Schemes achieve high fidelity and efficiency with current technology.

They enable deterministic generation and nondestructive analysis of hyperentangled states.

Applicable to multi-photon GHZ states for quantum communication.

Abstract

We present two efficient schemes for the deterministic generation and the complete nondestructive analysis of hyperentangled Bell states in both the polarization and spatial-mode degrees of freedom (DOFs) of two-photon systems, assisted by the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamonds coupled to microtoroidal resonators as a result of cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED). With the input-output process of photons, two-photon polarization-spatial hyperentangled Bell states can be generated in a deterministic way and their complete nondestructive analysis can be achieved. These schemes can be generalized to generate and analyze hyperentangled Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states of multi-photon systems as well. Compared with previous works, these two schemes relax the difficulty of their implementation in experiment as it is not difficult to obtain the $\pi$ phase shift in single-sided NV-cavity systems. Moreover, our schemes do not require that the transmission for the uncoupled cavity is balanceable with the reflectance for the coupled cavity. Our calculations show that these schemes can reach a high fidelity and efficiency with current technology, which may be a benefit to long-distance high-capacity quantum communication with two DOFs of photon systems.