Operation of graphene quantum Hall resistance standard in a cryogen-free table-top system

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates a practical, accurate quantum Hall resistance standard using a compact cryogen-free system at low temperature and magnetic field, facilitated by epitaxial graphene on SiC.

Contribution

It introduces a novel, accessible system for quantum Hall measurements that requires minimal infrastructure and expertise, expanding the reach of quantum electrical standards.

Findings

Metrological accuracy achieved in a cryogen-free setup

Operation at temperatures around 3.8K and magnetic fields below 5T

Simplified system enables broader adoption of quantum standards

Abstract

We demonstrate quantum Hall resistance measurements with metrological accuracy in a small cryogen-free system operating at a temperature of around 3.8K and magnetic fields below 5T. Operating this system requires little experimental knowledge or laboratory infrastructure, thereby greatly advancing the proliferation of primary quantum standards for precision electrical metrology. This significant advance in technology has come about as a result of the unique properties of epitaxial graphene on SiC.