An Electron-Tracking Compton Telescope for a Survey of the Deep Universe by MeV gamma-rays
T. Tanimori, H. Kubo, A. Takada, S. Iwaki, S. Komura, S. Kurosawa, Y., Matsuoka, K. Miuchi, S. Miyamoto, T. Mizumoto, Y. Mizumura, K. Nakamura, S., Nakamura, M. Oda, J. D. Parker, T. Sawano, S. Sonoda, T. Takemura, D. Tomono,, K. Ueno

TL;DR
This paper introduces an Electron-Tracking Compton Camera (ETCC) that measures 3-D recoil electron tracks to improve gamma-ray imaging, significantly enhancing sensitivity and reducing background noise in MeV gamma-ray astronomy.
Contribution
The study demonstrates that ETCC can overcome limitations of traditional Compton Cameras by measuring recoil electron parameters, leading to better imaging and sensitivity in space gamma-ray observations.
Findings
ETCC achieves near-theoretical SPD resolution.
ETCC improves gamma detection significance severalfold.
ETCC can reach sensitivity below 1×10⁻¹² erg cm⁻² s⁻¹ at 1 MeV.
Abstract
Photon imaging for MeV gammas has serious difficulties due to huge backgrounds and unclearness in images, which are originated from incompleteness in determining the physical parameters of Compton scattering in detection, e.g., lack of the directional information of the recoil electrons. The recent major mission/instrument in the MeV band, Compton Gamma Ray Observatory/COMPTEL, which was Compton Camera (CC), detected mere persistent sources. It is in stark contrast with 2000 sources in the GeV band. Here we report the performance of an Electron-Tracking Compton Camera (ETCC), and prove that it has a good potential to break through this stagnation in MeV gamma-ray astronomy. The ETCC provides all the parameters of Compton-scattering by measuring 3-D recoil electron tracks; then the Scatter Plane Deviation (SPD) lost in CCs is recovered. The energy loss rate (dE/dx), which…
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