The X-shooter Lens Survey - II. Sample presentation and spatially resolved kinematics

TL;DR

The XLENS survey combines gravitational lensing, dynamics, and spectroscopy to study the stellar and dark matter content of massive early-type galaxies, providing insights into their mass assembly and IMF variations.

Contribution

This paper introduces the XLENS survey, detailing its methodology, sample, and initial results on spatially resolved kinematics of lens galaxies.

Findings

Disentangled stellar and dark matter components in lens galaxies.

Provided initial spatially resolved kinematic measurements.

Set the stage for correlating IMF parameters with galaxy mass.

Abstract

We present the X-shooter Lens Survey (XLENS) data. The main goal of XLENS is to disentangle the stellar and dark matter content of massive early-type galaxies (ETGs), through combined strong gravitational lensing, dynamics and spectroscopic stellar population studies. The sample consists of 11 lens galaxies covering the redshift range from $0.1$ to $0.45$ and having stellar velocity dispersions between $250$ and $380\,\mathrm{km}\,\mathrm{s}^{-1}$. All galaxies have multi-band, high-quality HST imaging. We have obtained long-slit spectra of the lens galaxies with X-shooter on the VLT. We are able to disentangle the dark and luminous mass components by combining lensing and extended kinematics data-sets, and we are also able to precisely constrain stellar mass-to-light ratios and infer the value of the low-mass cut-off of the IMF, by adding spectroscopic stellar population information. Our goal is to correlate these IMF parameters with ETG masses and investigate the relation between baryonic and non-baryonic matter during the mass assembly and structure formation processes. In this paper we provide an overview of the survey, highlighting its scientific motivations, main goals and techniques. We present the current sample, briefly describing the data reduction and analysis process, and we present the first results on spatially resolved kinematics.