Star formation in mergers with cosmologically motivated initial conditions

TL;DR

This study uses cosmologically motivated initial conditions and hydrodynamic simulations to investigate how galaxy mergers and hot gaseous halos influence star formation, revealing complex effects on starburst intensity and timing.

Contribution

It introduces a novel approach combining semi-analytic models with hydrodynamic simulations using realistic initial conditions and hot halo effects.

Findings

Hot gaseous halos increase long-term star formation via cooling.

Galaxy interactions do not always boost star formation as previously thought.

Simultaneous interactions lead to less star formation enhancement than sequential ones.

Abstract

We use semi-analytic models and cosmological merger trees to provide the initial conditions for multi-merger numerical hydrodynamic simulations, and exploit these simulations to explore the effect of galaxy interaction and merging on star formation (SF). We compute numerical realisations of twelve merger trees from z=1.5 to z=0. We include the effects of the large hot gaseous halo around all galaxies, following recent obervations and predictions of galaxy formation models. We find that including the hot gaseous halo has a number of important effects. Firstly, as expected, the star formation rate on long timescales is increased due to cooling of the hot halo and refuelling of the cold gas reservoir. Secondly, we find that interactions do not always increase the SF in the long term. This is partially due to the orbiting galaxies transferring gravitational energy to the hot gaseous haloes and raising their temperature. Finally we find that the relative size of the starburst, when including the hot halo, is much smaller than previous studies showed. Our simulations also show that the order and timing of interactions are important for the evolution of a galaxy. When multiple galaxies interact at the same time, the SF enhancement is less than when galaxies interact in series. All these effects show the importance of including hot gas and cosmologically motivated merger trees in galaxy evolution models.