The Skyrme Tensor Force in Heavy Ion Collisions

TL;DR

This paper investigates the impact of the Skyrme tensor force on heavy ion collision dynamics using advanced time-dependent Hartree-Fock calculations, revealing that tensor terms can significantly influence fusion thresholds.

Contribution

It introduces a fully symmetry-unrestricted TDHF approach incorporating the complete Skyrme force with tensor terms to study their role in nuclear reaction dynamics.

Findings

Tensor force terms affect fusion threshold energies by several MeV.

Energy distribution within the energy density functional is influenced by tensor terms.

Tensor terms can impact nuclear reactions even when they do not alter ground state properties.

Abstract

Background: [elided for arXiv character count] Purpose: With the advancement of computational power it is now possible to undertake TDHF calculations without any symmetry assumptions and incorporate the major strides made by the nuclear structure community in improving the energy density functionals used in these calculations. In particular, time-odd and tensor terms in these functionals are naturally present during the dynamical evolution, while being absent or minimally important for most static calculations. The parameters of these terms are determined by the requirement of Galilean invariance or local gauge invariance but their significance for the reaction dynamics have not been fully studied. This work addresses this question with emphasis on the tensor force. Method: The full version of the Skyrme force, including terms arising only from the Skyrme tensor force, is applied to the study of collisions within a completely symmetry-unrestricted TDHF implementation. Results: We examine the effect on fusion thresholds with and without the tensor force terms and find an effect on the fusion threshold energy of the order several MeV. Details of the distribution of the energy within terms in the energy density functional is also discussed. Conclusions: Terms in the energy density functional linked to the tensor force can play a non-negligible role in dynamic processes in nuclei, including those in which the terms do not affect ground state properties.