Relation between the usual and the entanglement temperature, in a simple quantum system

TL;DR

This paper develops a thermodynamical framework to analyze entanglement between a two-level atom and a photon mode, linking entanglement temperature with initial conditions and existing thermodynamic models.

Contribution

It introduces a novel entanglement temperature concept within the Jaynes-Cummings model and connects it with established thermodynamic formalism.

Findings

Entanglement temperature depends strongly on initial atomic conditions.

The entanglement temperature matches the temperature from Thermo-Field Dynamics.

The model links entanglement thermodynamics with photon number in the cavity.

Abstract

We develop a thermodynamical theory to describe the behavior of the entanglement between a single two-level atom with a single mode of the electromagnetic field. The resonant Jaynes-Cummings model is used to study both the entanglement thermodynamics, in particular the entanglement temperature, and its connection with the average number of photons in the optical cavity. We find that this entanglement temperature has a strong dependence with the initial conditions of the atom. We show that the entanglement temperature between the photons and the atom defined in this work is the same temperature obtained within the Jaynes-Cummings model at finite temperature developed in the Thermo-Field Dynamics formalism.