Level-1 pixel based tracking trigger algorithm for LHC upgrade

TL;DR

This paper proposes a novel Level-1 pixel-based tracking trigger algorithm for the CMS experiment at CERN's LHC, aiming to enable real-time track reconstruction to reduce trigger rates in high-luminosity conditions.

Contribution

It introduces a fast pixel track reconstruction algorithm integrated with Level-1 trigger system for the HL-LHC upgrade, enhancing real-time data processing capabilities.

Findings

Developed a ROOT-based simulation framework for pixel track reconstruction.

Demonstrated the algorithm's ability to match pixel tracks with Level-1 electron objects.

Showed potential for reducing trigger rates while maintaining high selection efficiency.

Abstract

The Pixel Detector is the innermost detector of the tracking system of the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment at CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC). It precisely determines the interaction point (primary vertex) of the events and the possible secondary vertexes due to heavy flavours ($b$ and $c$ quarks); it is part of the overall tracking system that allows reconstructing the tracks of the charged particles in the events and combined with the magnetic field to measure their impulsion. The pixel detector allows measuring the tracks in the region closest to the interaction point. The Level-1 (real-time) pixel based tracking trigger is a novel trigger system that is currently being studied for the LHC upgrade. An important goal is developing real-time track reconstruction algorithms able to cope with very high rates and high flux of data in a very harsh environment. The pixel detector has an especially crucial role in precisely identifying the primary vertex of the rare physics events from the large pile-up (PU) of events. The goal of adding the pixel information already at the real-time level of the selection is to help reducing the total level-1 trigger rate while keeping an high selection capability. This is quite an innovative and challenging objective for the experiments upgrade for the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC). The special case here addressed is the CMS experiment. This document describes exercises focusing on the development of a fast pixel track reconstruction where the pixel track matches with a Level-1 electron object using a ROOT-based simulation framework.