A novel mathematical technique to assess of the mitral valve dynamics based on echocardiography

TL;DR

This paper introduces a new three-dimensional mathematical technique based on echocardiography to analyze mitral valve leaflet dynamics, providing detailed insights into tissue mechanics and function.

Contribution

It develops the first 3D displacement vector field model of mitral valve leaflets within an inelasticity framework using echocardiographic data.

Findings

Good agreement with echocardiographic observations

Accurate assessment of leaflet displacements and strain rates

Enhanced understanding of mitral valve biomechanics

Abstract

Purpose: The mechanics of the mitral valve leaflet as a nonlinear, inelastic and anisotropic soft tissue results from an integrated response of many mathematical/physical indexes' that illustrate the tissue. In the past decade, finite element modeling of complete heart valves has greatly aided evaluation of heart valve surgery, design of bioprosthetic valve replacements, and general understanding of healthy and abnormal cardiac function. Such a model must be based on an accurate description of the mechanical behavior of the valve material. It is essential to calculate velocity/displacement and strain rate/strain at a component level that is to work at the cellular level. In this study we developed the first three-dimensional displacement vectors field in the characterization of mitral valve leaflets in continuum equations of inelasticity framework based on echocardiography. Method: Much of our knowledge of abnormal mitral valve function is based on surgical and post-mortem studies while these studies are quantitative in some cases, they are limited by evaluation of valve anatomy in a fixed and nonfunctioning state. A more sophisticated analysis method is necessary to gain a full considerate of mitral valve function. Several groups attempted to model mitral valve anatomy and function by mathematical/physical equations. Result: Preliminary results concerning a different aspect of MVL biomechanics, such as leaflets dynamics, displacements/velocities and strain rates/strains of points on leaflets, were in good agreement with in echocardiographic observations.