Stable matter-wave soliton in the vortex core of a uniform condensate

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates the existence of stable, mobile three-dimensional matter-wave solitons within vortex cores of a uniform condensate, showcasing their properties and interactions in realistic atomic systems.

Contribution

It introduces a new type of stable matter-wave soliton in vortex cores, analyzing conditions for stability and demonstrating their dynamics in binary atomic condensates.

Findings

Stable, mobile 3D matter-wave solitons exist in vortex cores.

Solitons can propagate without deformation and undergo quasi-elastic collisions.

Realistic atomic systems like Rb-Rb and Rb-Dy support these solitons.

Abstract

We demonstrate a stable, mobile, dipolar or nondipolar three-dimensional matter-wave soliton in the vortex core of a uniform nondipolar condensate. All intra- and inter-species contact interactions can be repulsive for a strongly dipolar soliton. For a weakly dipolar or nondipolar soliton, the intra-species contact interaction in the soliton should be attractive for the formation of a compact soliton. The soliton can propagate with a constant velocity along the vortex core without any deformation. Two such solitons undergo a quasi-elastic collision at medium velocities. We illustrate the findings using realistic interactions in a mean-field model of binary $^{87}$Rb-$^{85}$Rb and $^{87}$Rb-$^{164}$Dy systems.