A Practical Deconvolution Computation Algorithm to Extract 1D Spectra from 2D Images of Optical Fiber Spectroscopy

TL;DR

This paper introduces a practical, efficient deconvolution algorithm for extracting high-quality 1D spectra from 2D optical fiber images, overcoming previous computational limitations and noise issues.

Contribution

The authors develop a computationally feasible deconvolution method with noise suppression for extracting spectra from large 2D fiber images, improving accuracy and efficiency.

Findings

Reduced residuals and cross talk compared to traditional methods

Higher signal-to-noise ratio and resolution in extracted spectra

Able to process 4k x 4k images with 250 fibers in about 2 hours

Abstract

Bolton and Schlegel presented a promising deconvolution method to extract 1D spectra from a 2D optical fiber spectral CCD image. The method could eliminate the PSF difference between fibers, extract spectra to the photo noise level, as well as improve the resolution. But the method is limited by its huge computation requirement and thus cannot be implemented in actual data reduction. In this article, we develop a practical computation method to solve the computation problem. The new computation method can deconvolve a 2D fiber spectral image of any size with actual PSFs, which may vary with positions. Our method does not require large amounts of memory and can extract a 4k multi 4k noise-free CCD image with 250 fibers in 2 hr. To make our method more practical, we further consider the influence of noise, which is thought to be an intrinsic illposed problem in deconvolution algorithms. We modify our method with a Tikhonov regularization item to depress the method induced noise. Compared with the results of traditional extraction methods, our method has the least residual and influence by cross talk and noise, even for extreme situation. Our method can convergent in 2 to 4 iterations, and the computation times are about 3.5 hr for the extreme fiber distance and about 2 hr for nonextreme cases. Finally, we apply our method to real LAMOST (Large sky Area Multi-Object fiber Spectroscopic Telescope, a.k.a. Guo Shou Jing Telescope) data. We find that the 1D spectra extracted by our method have both higher signal-to-noise ratio and resolution than the traditional methods.