On the FI-module structure of $H^i(\Gamma_{n,s})$

TL;DR

This paper proves that the cohomology groups of certain automorphism-related groups form finitely generated FI-modules, leading to stable representation-theoretic properties and polynomial dimension formulas for fixed parameters.

Contribution

It establishes the FI-module structure of $H^i( ext{Gamma}_{n,s})$, improving stability ranges and deriving character polynomials for their symmetric group representations.

Findings

Sequences $iglrace H^i( ext{Gamma}_{n,s}) igrrace_{s o\infty}$ satisfy representation stability.

Dimensions of $H^i( ext{Gamma}_{n,s})$ are polynomial in $s$ for $s o \infty$.

Explicit character polynomials are computed for specific cases.

Abstract

The groups $\Gamma_{n,s}$ are defined in terms of homotopy equivalences of certain graphs, and are natural generalisations of $\mbox{Out}(F_n)$ and $\mbox{Aut}(F_n)$. They have appeared frequently in the study of free group automorphisms, for example in proofs of homological stability in [8,9] and in the proof that Out$(F_n)$ is a virtual duality group in [1]. More recently, in [5], their cohomology $H^i(\Gamma_{n,s})$, over a field of characteristic zero, was computed in ranks $n=1, 2$ giving new constructions of unstable homology classes of $\mbox{Out}(F_n)$ and $\mbox{Aut}(F_n)$. In this paper we show that, for fixed $i$ and $n$, this cohomology $H^i(\Gamma_{n,s})$ forms a finitely generated FI-module of stability degree $n$ and weight $i$, as defined by Church-Ellenberg-Farb in [2]. We thus recover that for all $i$ and $n$, the sequences $\{H^i(\Gamma_{n,s})\}_{s\geq0}$ satisfy representation stability, but with an improved stable range of $s \geq i+n$ which agrees with the low dimensional calculations made in [5]. Another important consequence of this FI-module structure is the existence of character polynomials which determine the character of the $\mathfrak{S}_s$-module $H^i(\Gamma_{n,s})$ for all $s \geq i+n$. In particular this implies that, for fixed $i$ and $n$, the dimension of $H^i(\Gamma_{n,s})$, is given by a polynomial in $s$ for all $s\geq i+n$. We compute explicit examples of such character polynomials to demonstrate this phenomenon.