Phosphorene: Fabrication, Properties and Applications

TL;DR

Phosphorene, a promising two-dimensional material derived from black phosphorus, exhibits unique anisotropic properties and potential for electronic and optoelectronic applications, but faces fabrication and stability challenges that require further research.

Contribution

This paper reviews recent advances in phosphorene's fabrication, properties, and applications, highlighting its unique anisotropic characteristics and discussing future research directions.

Findings

Phosphorene has intrinsic anisotropic electronic and mechanical properties.

Recent fabrication methods enable the creation of phosphorene-based nanodevices.

Challenges include surface degradation and non-scalable production techniques.

Abstract

Phosphorene, the single- or few-layer form of black phosphorus, was recently rediscovered as a twodimensional layered material holding great promise for applications in electronics and optoelectronics. Research into its fundamental properties and device applications has since seen exponential growth. In this Perspective, we review recent progress in phosphorene research, touching upon topics on fabrication, properties, and applications; we also discuss challenges and future research directions. We highlight the intrinsically anisotropic electronic, transport, optoelectronic, thermoelectric, and mechanical properties of phosphorene resulting from its puckered structure in contrast to those of graphene and transition-metal dichalcogenides. The facile fabrication and novel properties of phosphorene have inspired design and demonstration of new nanodevices; however, further progress hinges on resolutions to technical obstructions like surface degradation effects and non-scalable fabrication techniques. We also briefly describe the latest developments of more sophisticated design concepts and implementation schemes that address some of the challenges in phosphorene research. It is expected that this fascinating material will continue to offer tremendous opportunities for research and development for the foreseeable future.