How and why silicon sensors are becoming more and more intelligent?

TL;DR

This paper reviews the evolution of silicon sensors from simple to advanced pixel detectors, emphasizing their role in high-energy physics and future applications, highlighting technological progress and ongoing importance.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive overview of the historical development and significance of silicon detectors in high-energy physics and future technological contexts.

Findings

Silicon detectors evolved from simple strips to hybrid pixel detectors.

Pixel detectors are crucial for high-rate, high-density environments like the LHC.

The paper discusses future prospects and broader applications of silicon sensors.

Abstract

This paper describes the historical evolution of silicon detectors from simple strip configurations to hybrid pixel detectors for high energy physics applications. This development has been critical to maintain the necessary physics performance in the high-rate and highdensity environment of the LHC. The importance of pixel detectors and their evolution for future projects and other fields is also described.