Laser-Nucleus Interactions: The Quasiadiabatic Regime

TL;DR

This paper theoretically explores how intense zeptosecond laser pulses interact with nuclei, leading to high-energy excitations and compound nucleus formation, with implications for future experimental setups.

Contribution

It introduces a semi-quantitative model of nuclear interactions with strong laser pulses in the quasiadiabatic regime, including novel insights into excitation energies and decay pathways.

Findings

Predicts excitation paths reaching several hundred MeV above the yrast line

Provides numerical estimates of neutron decay and fission probabilities

Suggests optimal conditions for future experimental investigations

Abstract

The interaction between nuclei and a strong zeptosecond laser pulse with coherent MeV photons is investigated theoretically. We provide a first semi-quantitative study of the quasiadiabatic regime where the photon absorption rate is comparable to the nuclear equilibration rate. In that regime, multiple photon absorption leads to the formation of a compound nucleus in the so-far unexplored regime of excitation energies several hundred MeV above the yrast line. The temporal dynamics of the process is investigated by means of a set of master equations that account for dipole absorption, stimulated dipole emission, neutron decay and induced fission in a chain of nuclei. That set is solved numerically by means of state-of-the-art matrix exponential methods also used in nuclear fuel burnup and radioactivity transport calculations. Our quantitative estimates predict the excitation path and range of nuclei reached by neutron decay and provide relevant information for the layout of future experiments.