Coboson many-body approach to the $N$-exciton ground-state energy

TL;DR

This paper derives the ground-state energy of N composite bosons (excitons) using a many-body formalism, revealing the importance of Pauli scattering and showing that Coulomb interactions significantly reduce the energy linear in density, with implications for exciton stability.

Contribution

It introduces a comprehensive many-body approach accounting for Pauli scattering in excitons, improving the understanding of their ground-state energy beyond the Born approximation.

Findings

The linear density coefficient is reduced to about 38% of the Born approximation.

Pauli scattering significantly affects exciton interactions.

Triplet-exciton gas becomes unstable as hole mass approaches infinity.

Abstract

We derive the ground-state energy of $N$ composite bosons made of fermion pairs using the recently developed composite boson many-body formalism. We concentrate on the $N$-pair energy linear in density. We show that the scattering relevant for scattering length contains not only direct and exchange interaction scatterings but also the dimensionless "Pauli scattering" for fermion exchange in the absence of fermion-fermion interaction. Numerical resolution of the resulting "ladder" integral equation for fermions interacting through long-range Coulomb forces --- which act as effective repulsion between excitons made of same-spin electrons and same-spin holes --- shows that the prefactor of the $N$-exciton energy linear in density is substantially decreased from its Born approximation value, $13\pi/3$, by a factor $\simeq0.38$ for equal electron and hole effective masses. Interestingly, this factor goes to zero when the hole mass goes to infinity, making the triplet-exciton gas unstable in this limit.