Systematic analysis of hadron spectra in p+p collisions using Tsallis distribution

TL;DR

This paper analyzes hadron spectra in proton-proton collisions across various experiments, demonstrating a universal Tsallis distribution and exploring the energy dependence of its parameters, proposing a cascade production mechanism.

Contribution

It introduces a universal Tsallis distribution for p+p collision spectra and discusses the energy dependence of its parameters, proposing a cascade particle production mechanism.

Findings

Universal Tsallis distribution fits p+p spectra across experiments

Energy dependence of temperature T and parameter n analyzed

Proposed cascade particle production mechanism

Abstract

Using the experimental data from the STAR, PHENIX, ALICE and CMS programs on the rapidity and energy dependence of the $p_T$ spectra in p+p collisions, we show that a universal distribution exists. The energy dependence of temperature $T$ and parameter $n$ of the Tsallis distribution are also discussed in detail. A cascade particle production mechanism in p+p collisions is proposed.