From Chemically to Physically Induced Pluripotency in Stem Cell

TL;DR

This paper presents a quantum model for chemically and physically induced pluripotency in stem cells, deriving rate formulas and analyzing how physical factors influence reprogramming efficiency.

Contribution

It introduces a quantum conformational transition model for pluripotency induction, linking molecular torsions to reprogramming rates and suggesting new physical strategies.

Findings

Calculated transition rates match experimental timescales.

Dependence of reprogramming rate on temperature, pH, and domain size analyzed.

Proposes decreasing coherence to enhance physical reprogramming.

Abstract

A quantum model on the chemically and physically induced pluripotency in stem cells is proposed. Based on the conformational Hamiltonian and the idea of slow variables (molecular torsions) slaving fast ones the conversion from the differentiate state to pluripotent state is defined as the quantum transition between conformational states. The transitional rate is calculated and an analytical form for the rate formulas is deduced. Then the dependence of the rate on the number of torsion angles of the gene and the magnitude of the rate can be estimated by comparison with protein folding. The reaction equations of the conformational change of the pluripotency genes in chemical reprogramming are given. The characteristic time of the chemical reprogramming is calculated and the result is consistent with experiments. The dependence of the transition rate on physical factors such as temperature, PH value and the volume and shape of the coherent domain is analyzed from the rate equation. It is suggested that by decreasing the coherence degree of some pluripotency genes a more effective approach to the physically induced pluripotency can be made.