Three sources and three components of success in detection of ultra-rare alpha decays at the Dubna Gas-Filled Recoil separator

TL;DR

This paper reviews the detection methods for ultra-rare alpha decays in superheavy element experiments at DGFRS, highlighting sources of success, specific instruments, and the role of chemical experiments, with an example application in Z=115.

Contribution

It introduces a comprehensive overview of detection techniques, including active correlations and the DGFRS system, for identifying superheavy elements in heavy-ion fusion experiments.

Findings

Successful detection of superheavy elements Z=112-118.

Application of active correlation method in Z=115 experiment.

Detailed description of DGFRS detection system.

Abstract

General philosophy of procedure of detecting rare events in the recent experiments with 48Ca projectile at the Dubna Gas-Filled Recoil Separator(DGFRS) aimed to the synthesis of superheavy elements (SHE) has been reviewed. Specific instruments and methods are under consideration. Some historical sources of the successful experiments for Z=112-118 are considered too. Special attention is paid to application of method of active correlations in heavy-ion induced complete fusion nuclear reactions. Example of application in Z=115 experiment is presented. Brief description of the 243Am + 48Ca -> 291-x115+xn experiment is presented too. Some attention is paid to the role of chemical experiments in discoveries of SHEs. The DGFRS detection/monitoring system is presented in full firstly.