From S-confinement to 3D Chiral Theories: Dressing the Monopoles

TL;DR

This paper investigates the spectrum of monopole operators in 3D supersymmetric theories, revealing that dressed monopoles appear even without Chern-Simons levels due to mixed CS terms, based on dimensional reduction from 4D dualities.

Contribution

It demonstrates the emergence of dressed monopoles in SU(N) chiral theories at zero Chern-Simons level, expanding understanding of monopole spectra in 3D dualities.

Findings

Dressed monopoles appear in SU(N) theories even for k=0.

Mixed Chern-Simons terms are generated along Coulomb branch directions.

Dimensional reduction from 4D dualities helps identify the spectrum of operators.

Abstract

Monopole operators play a central role in 3 dimensional supersymmetric dualities: a careful understanding of their spectrum is necessary to match chiral operators on either sides of a conjectured duality. In Chern-Simons theories ($k\neq0$), monopole operators acquire an electric charge, thus they need to be "dressed" by chiral matter superfields to be made gauge-invariant. Here we present strong evidence that "dressed" monopoles appear in $SU(N)$ chiral theories even for $k=0$ because of mixed CS terms generated along certain Coulomb branch directions. Our analysis is based on the dimensional reduction of 4-dimensional dualities which, for the simplest s-confining case, allows us to easily identify the spectrum of the electric chiral operators.